首次提交：初始化项目
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010-中间件/002-postgresql/deploy.sh
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25
010-中间件/002-postgresql/deploy.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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# 创建命名空间
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kubectl create namespace postgresql
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# 部署 PostgreSQL
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kubectl apply -f postgresql-deployment.yaml
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# 等待 PostgreSQL 启动
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echo "等待 PostgreSQL 启动..."
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kubectl wait --for=condition=ready pod -l app=postgresql -n postgresql --timeout=300s
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# 显示状态
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echo "PostgreSQL 部署完成！"
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kubectl get pods -n postgresql
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kubectl get pvc -n postgresql
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kubectl get svc -n postgresql
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echo ""
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echo "连接信息："
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echo " 主机: postgresql-service.postgresql.svc.cluster.local"
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echo " 端口: 5432"
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echo " 用户: postgres"
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echo " 密码: postgres123"
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echo " 数据库: postgres"
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167
010-中间件/002-postgresql/postgresql-deployment.yaml
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010-中间件/002-postgresql/postgresql-deployment.yaml
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
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metadata:
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name: postgresql-pvc
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namespace: postgresql
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spec:
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteOnce
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storageClassName: longhorn
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 10Gi
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: postgresql-secret
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namespace: postgresql
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type: Opaque
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stringData:
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POSTGRES_PASSWORD: "postgres123"
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POSTGRES_USER: "postgres"
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POSTGRES_DB: "postgres"
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: ConfigMap
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metadata:
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name: postgresql-config
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namespace: postgresql
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data:
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postgresql.conf: |
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# 连接设置
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listen_addresses = '*'
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max_connections = 100
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# 内存设置
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shared_buffers = 256MB
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effective_cache_size = 1GB
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maintenance_work_mem = 64MB
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work_mem = 4MB
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# WAL 设置
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wal_level = replica
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max_wal_size = 1GB
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min_wal_size = 80MB
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# 日志设置
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logging_collector = on
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log_directory = 'log'
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log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'
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log_statement = 'all'
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log_duration = on
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# 性能优化
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random_page_cost = 1.1
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effective_io_concurrency = 200
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pg_hba.conf: |
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# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
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local all all trust
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host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
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host all all ::0/0 md5
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---
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apiVersion: apps/v1
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kind: StatefulSet
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metadata:
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name: postgresql
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namespace: postgresql
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spec:
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serviceName: postgresql
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replicas: 1
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selector:
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matchLabels:
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app: postgresql
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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app: postgresql
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: postgresql
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image: postgres:16-alpine
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ports:
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- containerPort: 5432
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name: postgresql
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env:
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- name: POSTGRES_USER
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valueFrom:
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secretKeyRef:
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name: postgresql-secret
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key: POSTGRES_USER
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- name: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
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valueFrom:
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secretKeyRef:
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name: postgresql-secret
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key: POSTGRES_PASSWORD
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- name: POSTGRES_DB
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valueFrom:
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secretKeyRef:
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name: postgresql-secret
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key: POSTGRES_DB
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- name: PGDATA
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value: /var/lib/postgresql/data/pgdata
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volumeMounts:
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- name: data
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mountPath: /var/lib/postgresql/data
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- name: config
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mountPath: /etc/postgresql
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resources:
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requests:
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memory: "512Mi"
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cpu: "250m"
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limits:
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memory: "2Gi"
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cpu: "1000m"
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livenessProbe:
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exec:
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command:
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- pg_isready
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- -U
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- postgres
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initialDelaySeconds: 30
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periodSeconds: 10
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readinessProbe:
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exec:
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command:
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- pg_isready
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- -U
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- postgres
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initialDelaySeconds: 5
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periodSeconds: 5
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volumes:
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- name: data
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persistentVolumeClaim:
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claimName: postgresql-pvc
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- name: config
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configMap:
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name: postgresql-config
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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name: postgresql
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namespace: postgresql
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spec:
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selector:
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app: postgresql
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ports:
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- port: 5432
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targetPort: 5432
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protocol: TCP
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type: ClusterIP
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clusterIP: None
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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name: postgresql-service
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namespace: postgresql
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spec:
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selector:
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app: postgresql
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ports:
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- port: 5432
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targetPort: 5432
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protocol: TCP
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type: ClusterIP
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99
010-中间件/002-postgresql/readme.md
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99
010-中间件/002-postgresql/readme.md
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# PostgreSQL 16 部署说明
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## 配置信息
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- **命名空间**: postgresql
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- **版本**: PostgreSQL 16 (Alpine)
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- **存储**: 使用 Longhorn 提供 10Gi 持久化存储
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- **内存限制**: 2GB
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- **访问地址**: postgresql-service.postgresql.svc.cluster.local:5432
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## 默认凭证
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- **用户名**: postgres
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- **密码**: postgres123
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- **数据库**: postgres
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⚠️ **安全提示**: 生产环境请修改默认密码！
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## 部署方式
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```bash
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bash deploy.sh
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```
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## 数据库配置
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### 连接设置
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- 最大连接数: 100
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- 监听地址: 所有接口 (*)
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### 内存配置
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- shared_buffers: 256MB
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- effective_cache_size: 1GB
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- work_mem: 4MB
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### WAL 配置
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- wal_level: replica (支持主从复制)
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- max_wal_size: 1GB
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### 日志配置
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- 记录所有 SQL 语句
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- 记录执行时间
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## 连接测试
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在集群内部测试连接：
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```bash
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kubectl run pg-test --rm -it --image=postgres:16-alpine --env="PGPASSWORD=postgres123" -- psql -h postgresql-service.postgresql.svc.cluster.local -U postgres -c "SELECT version();"
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```
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## 数据持久化
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PostgreSQL 数据存储在 Longhorn 卷上：
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- 数据目录: /var/lib/postgresql/data/pgdata
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- 可以通过 Longhorn UI 创建快照和备份到 S3
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## 常用操作
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### 查看日志
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```bash
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kubectl logs -n postgresql postgresql-0 -f
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```
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### 进入数据库
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```bash
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kubectl exec -it -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- psql -U postgres
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```
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### 创建新数据库
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```bash
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kubectl exec -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- psql -U postgres -c "CREATE DATABASE myapp;"
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```
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### 创建新用户
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```bash
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kubectl exec -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- psql -U postgres -c "CREATE USER myuser WITH PASSWORD 'mypassword';"
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kubectl exec -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- psql -U postgres -c "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE myapp TO myuser;"
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```
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## 备份与恢复
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### 手动备份
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```bash
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kubectl exec -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- pg_dump -U postgres postgres > backup.sql
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```
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### 恢复备份
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```bash
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cat backup.sql | kubectl exec -i -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- psql -U postgres postgres
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```
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## 监控
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查看数据库状态：
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```bash
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kubectl exec -n postgresql postgresql-0 -- psql -U postgres -c "SELECT * FROM pg_stat_activity;"
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```
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